Sunday, June 7, 2009

The idea the metaphors can create realities goes against most traditional views of metaphor. The reasons is that metaphor has traditionally been viewed as a matter of mere language rather than primarily as a means of structuring our conceptual system and the kinds of everyday activities we perform.
It is reasonable enough to assume that words alone do not change reality. But changes in our conceptual system do change what is real for us and affect how we perceive the world and act upon those perceptions.
The idea that metaphor is just a matter of language and can at best only describe reality stems from the view that what is real is wholly external to, and independent of, how human beings conceptualize the world- as if the study of reality were just the study of physical world. Such a view of reality - so called objective reality- leaves out human aspects of reality , in particular the real perceptions, conceptualizations, motivations, and actionas that constitute most of what we experience. But the human aspect of reality are most of what matters to us, and those vary from culture to culture, since different cultures have different conceptual systems. Cultures also exist within physical environments, some of them radically different - jungles, deserts, islands etc. In each case there is a physical environment that we interact with, more or less succesfully. The conceptual system of various cultures partly depend on the physical environments they have developed in.
Each culture must provide a more or less succesful way of dealing with its environment, both adopting to it and changing it. Moreover, each culture must define a social reality within which people have roles that make sense to them and in terms of which they can function socially. Not surprisingly, the social reality defined by a culture affects its conception of physical reality.

What is real for an individual as a member of a culture is a product both of his social reality and of the way in which that shapes his experience of the physical world. Since much of our social reality is understood in metaphorical terms, and since our conception of the physical world is partly metaphorical, metaphor plays a very significant rolse in determining what is real for us.

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